| 国は基地周辺住民の生活の安全及び福祉の向上に寄与することを目的として『防衛施設周辺の生活環境の整備等に関する法律』(昭和49年法律第101号)を制定し周辺対策を行っている。 | The national government has been implementing measures for the area around the base as prescribed under the "Act on Improvement, etc. of the Living Environment of Areas around Defense Facilities" (Act No. 101 of 1974) in order to help improve the safety of living and welfare of conditions of the residents around the base. |
| 周辺対策は、昭和28年8月に、米軍等の行為により住民が被る損失の補償を目的として制定された『日本国に駐留するアメリカ合衆国軍隊等の行為による損失補償に関する法律』(昭和28年法律第246号)に端を発し、防災工事、学校防音工事、住宅等の移転補償措置が行われたが、被害や損失を防止軽減するものでなかったために基地対策としては十分でなかった。 | Measures for the area around the base began with the "Law Concerning Compensation for Special Damage Incurred by Acts of United States Forces Stationed in Japan (USFJ)" (Act No. 246 of 1953) which was enacted in August 1953 to compensate residents for losses resulting from the actions of the USFJ. Although relocation compensation measures covering, for example, disaster prevention construction, school sound insulation work, and rehousing were undertaken, they proved inadequate as the military base measures because they failed to prevent/reduce damage and loss and relieve the residents’ plight. |
| このため、基地周辺自治体等による運動の結果として、昭和41年7月『防衛施設周辺の整備等に関する法律』(昭和41年法律第135号)が制定され、民生安定施設整備に対する助成等についても規定がなされた。さらに、昭和49年6月、住宅防音工事、緑地帯の整備、特定防衛施設周辺整備調整交付金等の施策を加えた現行の『防衛施設周辺の生活環境の整備等に関する法律』が制定施行されている。 | Accordingly, the "Act on Improvement of Areas around Defense Facilities" (Act No. 135 of 1966) was enacted in July 1966 as a result of campaigning by the local governments around the base, and a provision has also been made in the subsidies, etc. allocated for improvement of public welfare stability facilities. Furthermore, by adding such measures as the residential sound insulation work, the development of green belt, and the grants for environmental improvement of areas located around specified defense facilities, the current "Act on Improvement, etc. of the Living Environment of Areas around Defense Facilities" was enacted and enforced in June 1974. |
| (1)障害防止工事の助成(第3条) | (1)Subsidies for damage prevention work (Article 3) |
| 自衛隊等の特定な行為(重車両の頻繁な使用、航空機の頻繁な離着陸など)により生ずる障害の防止等のため、特定の公共施設等について必要な工事を行う地方公共団体に対し、その費用の全部又は一部を国が補助する(第1項)、又は、学校、病院等の防音工事を行う地方公共団体その他の者に対し、その費用の全部又は一部を国が補助する(第2項)。 | To prevent damage caused by specific acts of the Self-Defense Forces, etc. (such as frequent use of a heavy vehicle, frequent aircraft takeoffs and landings), the national government assists with all or part of the cost to enable the local governments to undertake the necessary construction work for particular public facilities, etc. (Paragraph 1), or assists with the cost, in whole or in part, to enable the local government or any other person to carry out the sound insulation work of school, hospitals, etc. (Paragraph 2). |
| ただし、瑞穂町においては、第3条第1項に基づいた補助の実績はない。 | However, in Mizuho, there is no history of assistance based on Article 3 paragraph 1. |
| (2)飛行場周辺の生活環境の整備等(第4条～第7条) | (2)Improvement of living environment of areas around airfield (Article 4 - Article 7) |
| 飛行場又は空対地射爆撃場の周辺において、自衛隊等の航空機の騒音の度合いに応じて、外側から第一種区域、第二種区域及び第三種区域の指定、告示を行い、国は、それぞれの措置をとる。 | The national government designates the areas around the airfield or air-to-ground firing and bombing field as class 1, class 2 and class 3 areas from the outside depending on the noise levels of the aircraft of the Self-Defense Forces, etc., and the government notifies the public about respective measures taken. |
| ①第一種区域に所在する住宅について防音工事の助成を行う。(第4条) | ① To provide a subsidy for sound insulation work for a house located in the class 1 area. (Article 4) |
| ②第二種区域内からその外に建物等の移転を希望する者に対し、移転により通常生ずべき損失の補償及び第二種区域内の土地の買入れを行うとともに、移転先地における公共施設の整備について助成を行う。(第5条) | ② To assist a person wishing to relocate a building or similar structure to an area outside the class 2 area by compensating for the loss that would normally arise from such a relocation, and purchasing land within the class 2 area, as well as providing a subsidy for improving public facilities in the relocation. (Article 5) |
| ③第三種区域に所在する土地については、緑地帯その他の緩衝地帯として整備する。(第6条) | ③ In the case of land located in the class 3 area, it will be developed as a buffer zone with a green belt, etc. (Article 6) |
| ④ ②により、国が買入れた土地を地方公共団体が広場等の用に供するときは、これを無償で使用させる。(第7条) | ④ In accordance with ②, when a local government uses land that is purchased by the national government, such land is allowed to be used as a public space, free of charge. (Article 7) |
| (3)民生安定施設の助成(第8条) | (3)Subsidies for public welfare stability facilities (Article 8) |
| 防衛施設の設置又は運用により、その周辺地域の住民の生活又は事業活動が阻害されると認められる場合において、その障害を緩和させるための生活環境施設又は事業経営の安定に寄与する施設の整備について必要な措置をとる地方公共団体に対し、助成する。 | Where the residents' living conditions or business activities of the surrounding area are deemed to be impacted by the installation or operation of defense facilities, the national government shall provide subsidies to those local governments taking necessary measures for improving facilities for living conditions that help mitigate against disturbances, or for those facilities that contribute to stable business management. |
| (4)特定防衛施設周辺整備調整交付金(第9条) | (4)Grant for development of the environs of specific defense facilities (Article 9) |
| 防衛施設の設置又は運用が、周辺地域における生活環境又は開発に及ぼす影響を考慮して、内閣総理大臣が特定防衛施設及び特定防衛施設関連市町村を指定することができるものとし、国は、特定防衛施設関連市町村に対して、公共用の施設の整備等にあてる費用として、特定防衛施設整備調整交付金を交付することができる。平成23年4月には法令が一部改正され、公共施設の整備のほか、それらの維持や運営など、いわゆるソフト事業も補助対象となっている。 | Where the Prime Minister is able to designate the specific defense facilities and the relevant municipalities with these facilities, by taking into account the impact of the installation or operation of defense facilities on the living environment or the development of the surrounding area, the national government is able to issue an adjustment grant, Grant for development of the environs of specific defense facilities, to cover the cost of the improvement, etc. of the public facilities to those relevant municipalities. Laws and ordinances were partly revised in April 2011, and, in addition to improvement of public facilities, so-called soft projects, such as those relating to maintenance and management, have also become candidates for subsidies. |
| (5)防衛施設周辺整備統合事業 | (5)Improvement and consolidation of projects around defense facilities |
| 『中央省庁等改革基本法』(平成10年法律第103号)第46条において、「できる限り、個別の補助金に代えて、適切な目的を付した総合的な補助金を交付し、地方公共団体に裁量的に施行させる」との規定に基づき、上記の障害防止対策事業及び民生安定事業に該当する複数の事業をまとめて、概ね5か年での統合的な整備を行うまちづくり事業である。 | Under Article 46 of the "Act on Central Government Reform" (Act No. 103 of 1998), it is provided that "wherever possible, comprehensive, rather than individual, subsidies should be issued for appropriate purposes, and local governments shall have the discretion to implement this". Thus, with a town development project, the aim is to carry out an comprehensive development in roughly five years by consolidating multiple projects that meet the previously-mentioned purposes of preventing disturbance and stabilizing public welfare. |
| (6)損失の補償(第13条～第18条) | (6)Compensation for loss (Article 13 - Article 18) |
| 自衛隊の航空機の離着陸等のひん繁な実施その他の行為により農業、林業、漁業等を営む者に事業経営上の損失を与えた場合に補償する。 | In the event any loss has arisen, from or by the acts such as frequent aircraft takeoffs and landings by the Self-Defense Forces, the national government shall compensate the affected party, whether engaged in agriculture, forestry, fishing, etc., for loss in managing their business. |
| なお、瑞穂町における航空機による農耕阻害については、主に米軍の行為によるものであるため、『日本国に駐留するアメリカ合衆国軍隊等の行為による特別損失の補償に関する法律』に基づき補償される。 | As for interference to farming activities by aircraft in Mizuho, because this would mainly relate to the US military activities, the compensation shall be made in accordance with the "Act on Compensation of Special Losses Caused by Act of United States Forces and Other Forces Stationed in Japan". |
| (7)その他(第10条～第12条) | (7)Others (Article 10 - Article 12) |
| 防衛施設周辺の生活環境の整備等を行う地方公共団体等に対する資金の融資、斡旋、普通財産の譲渡等について所要の規定を設けている。 | The required provisions have been established concerning the lending of funds, mediation, and the transfer of common properties to the local government, etc., conducting improvement, etc. of the living environment around defense facilities. |